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guix/gnu/services.scm
Ludovic Courtès aad8a14300
services: cleanup: Remove Shadow lock files from /etc. 
Partly fixes <https://bugs.gnu.org/28772>.
Reported by Oleg Pykhalov <go.wigust@gmail.com>.

* gnu/services.scm (cleanup-gexp): Remove /etc/{passwd,group}.lock and
/etc/.pwd.lock.
2017-10-12 17:51:41 +02:00

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;;; GNU Guix --- Functional package management for GNU
;;; Copyright © 2015, 2016, 2017 Ludovic Courtès <ludo@gnu.org>
;;; Copyright © 2016 Chris Marusich <cmmarusich@gmail.com>
;;;
;;; This file is part of GNU Guix.
;;;
;;; GNU Guix is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
;;; under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
;;; the Free Software Foundation; either version 3 of the License, or (at
;;; your option) any later version.
;;;
;;; GNU Guix is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but
;;; WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
;;; MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
;;; GNU General Public License for more details.
;;;
;;; You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
;;; along with GNU Guix. If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
(define-module (gnu services)
#:use-module (guix gexp)
#:use-module (guix monads)
#:use-module (guix store)
#:use-module (guix records)
#:use-module (guix profiles)
#:use-module (guix discovery)
#:use-module (guix sets)
#:use-module (guix ui)
#:use-module ((guix utils) #:select (source-properties->location))
#:use-module (guix modules)
#:use-module (gnu packages base)
#:use-module (gnu packages bash)
#:use-module (srfi srfi-1)
#:use-module (srfi srfi-9)
#:use-module (srfi srfi-9 gnu)
#:use-module (srfi srfi-26)
#:use-module (srfi srfi-34)
#:use-module (srfi srfi-35)
#:use-module (ice-9 vlist)
#:use-module (ice-9 match)
#:export (service-extension
service-extension?
service-extension-target
service-extension-compute
service-type
service-type?
service-type-name
service-type-extensions
service-type-compose
service-type-extend
service-type-default-value
service-type-description
service-type-location
%service-type-path
fold-service-types
service
service?
service-kind
service-value
service-parameters ;deprecated
simple-service
modify-services
service-back-edges
fold-services
service-error?
missing-value-service-error?
missing-value-service-error-type
missing-value-service-error-location
missing-target-service-error?
missing-target-service-error-service
missing-target-service-error-target-type
ambiguous-target-service-error?
ambiguous-target-service-error-service
ambiguous-target-service-error-target-type
system-service-type
boot-service-type
cleanup-service-type
activation-service-type
activation-service->script
%linux-bare-metal-service
special-files-service-type
extra-special-file
etc-service-type
etc-directory
setuid-program-service-type
profile-service-type
firmware-service-type
gc-root-service-type
%boot-service
%activation-service
etc-service
file-union ;XXX: for lack of a better place
directory-union))
;;; Comment:
;;;
;;; This module defines a broad notion of "service types" and "services."
;;;
;;; A service type describe how its instances extend instances of other
;;; service types. For instance, some services extend the instance of
;;; ACCOUNT-SERVICE-TYPE by providing it with accounts and groups to create;
;;; others extend SHEPHERD-ROOT-SERVICE-TYPE by passing it instances of
;;; <shepherd-service>.
;;;
;;; When applicable, the service type defines how it can itself be extended,
;;; by providing one procedure to compose extensions, and one procedure to
;;; extend itself.
;;;
;;; A notable service type is SYSTEM-SERVICE-TYPE, which has a single
;;; instance, which is the root of the service DAG. Its value is the
;;; derivation that produces the 'system' directory as returned by
;;; 'operating-system-derivation'.
;;;
;;; The 'fold-services' procedure can be passed a list of procedures, which it
;;; "folds" by propagating extensions down the graph; it returns the root
;;; service after the applying all its extensions.
;;;
;;; Code:
(define-record-type <service-extension>
(service-extension target compute)
service-extension?
(target service-extension-target) ;<service-type>
(compute service-extension-compute)) ;params -> params
(define &no-default-value
;; Value used to denote service types that have no associated default value.
'(no default value))
(define-record-type* <service-type> service-type make-service-type
service-type?
(name service-type-name) ;symbol (for debugging)
;; Things extended by services of this type.
(extensions service-type-extensions) ;list of <service-extensions>
;; Given a list of extensions, "compose" them.
(compose service-type-compose ;list of Any -> Any
(default #f))
;; Extend the services' own parameters with the extension composition.
(extend service-type-extend ;list of Any -> parameters
(default #f))
;; Optional default value for instances of this type.
(default-value service-type-default-value ;Any
(default &no-default-value))
;; Meta-data.
(description service-type-description ;string
(default #f))
(location service-type-location ;<location>
(default (and=> (current-source-location)
source-properties->location))
(innate)))
(define (write-service-type type port)
(format port "#<service-type ~a ~a>"
(service-type-name type)
(number->string (object-address type) 16)))
(set-record-type-printer! <service-type> write-service-type)
(define %distro-root-directory
;; Absolute file name of the module hierarchy.
(dirname (search-path %load-path "guix.scm")))
(define %service-type-path
;; Search path for service types.
(make-parameter `((,%distro-root-directory . "gnu/services")
(,%distro-root-directory . "gnu/system"))))
(define* (fold-service-types proc seed
#:optional
(modules (all-modules (%service-type-path))))
"For each service type exported by one of MODULES, call (PROC RESULT). SEED
is used as the initial value of RESULT."
(fold-module-public-variables (lambda (object result)
(if (service-type? object)
(proc object result)
result))
'()
modules))
;; Services of a given type.
(define-record-type <service>
(make-service type value)
service?
(type service-kind)
(value service-value))
(define-syntax service
(syntax-rules ()
"Return a service instance of TYPE. The service value is VALUE or, if
omitted, TYPE's default value."
((_ type value)
(make-service type value))
((_ type)
(%service-with-default-value (current-source-location)
type))))
(define (%service-with-default-value location type)
"Return a instance of service type TYPE with its default value, if any. If
TYPE does not have a default value, an error is raised."
;; TODO: Currently this is a run-time error but with a little bit macrology
;; we could turn it into an expansion-time error.
(let ((default (service-type-default-value type)))
(if (eq? default &no-default-value)
(let ((location (source-properties->location location)))
(raise
(condition
(&missing-value-service-error (type type) (location location))
(&message
(message (format #f (G_ "~a: no value specified \
for service of type '~a'")
(location->string location)
(service-type-name type)))))))
(service type default))))
(define-condition-type &service-error &error
service-error?)
(define-condition-type &missing-value-service-error &service-error
missing-value-service-error?
(type missing-value-service-error-type)
(location missing-value-service-error-location))
;;;
;;; Helpers.
;;;
(define service-parameters
;; Deprecated alias.
service-value)
(define (simple-service name target value)
"Return a service that extends TARGET with VALUE. This works by creating a
singleton service type NAME, of which the returned service is an instance."
(let* ((extension (service-extension target identity))
(type (service-type (name name)
(extensions (list extension)))))
(service type value)))
(define-syntax %modify-service
(syntax-rules (=>)
((_ service)
service)
((_ svc (kind param => exp ...) clauses ...)
(if (eq? (service-kind svc) kind)
(let ((param (service-value svc)))
(service (service-kind svc)
(begin exp ...)))
(%modify-service svc clauses ...)))))
(define-syntax modify-services
(syntax-rules ()
"Modify the services listed in SERVICES according to CLAUSES and return
the resulting list of services. Each clause must have the form:
(TYPE VARIABLE => BODY)
where TYPE is a service type, such as 'guix-service-type', and VARIABLE is an
identifier that is bound within BODY to the value of the service of that
TYPE. Consider this example:
(modify-services %base-services
(guix-service-type config =>
(guix-configuration
(inherit config)
(use-substitutes? #f)
(extra-options '(\"--gc-keep-derivations\"))))
(mingetty-service-type config =>
(mingetty-configuration
(inherit config)
(motd (plain-file \"motd\" \"Hi there!\")))))
It changes the configuration of the GUIX-SERVICE-TYPE instance, and that of
all the MINGETTY-SERVICE-TYPE instances.
This is a shorthand for (map (lambda (svc) ...) %base-services)."
((_ services clauses ...)
(map (lambda (service)
(%modify-service service clauses ...))
services))))
;;;
;;; Core services.
;;;
(define (system-derivation mentries mextensions)
"Return as a monadic value the derivation of the 'system' directory
containing the given entries."
(mlet %store-monad ((entries mentries)
(extensions (sequence %store-monad mextensions)))
(lower-object
(file-union "system"
(append entries (concatenate extensions))))))
(define system-service-type
;; This is the ultimate service type, the root of the service DAG. The
;; service of this type is extended by monadic name/item pairs. These items
;; end up in the "system directory" as returned by
;; 'operating-system-derivation'.
(service-type (name 'system)
(extensions '())
(compose identity)
(extend system-derivation)))
(define (compute-boot-script _ mexps)
(mlet %store-monad ((gexps (sequence %store-monad mexps)))
(gexp->file "boot"
;; Clean up and activate the system, then spawn shepherd.
#~(begin #$@gexps))))
(define (boot-script-entry mboot)
"Return, as a monadic value, an entry for the boot script in the system
directory."
(mlet %store-monad ((boot mboot))
(return `(("boot" ,boot)))))
(define boot-service-type
;; The service of this type is extended by being passed gexps as monadic
;; values. It aggregates them in a single script, as a monadic value, which
;; becomes its 'parameters'. It is the only service that extends nothing.
(service-type (name 'boot)
(extensions
(list (service-extension system-service-type
boot-script-entry)))
(compose append)
(extend compute-boot-script)))
(define %boot-service
;; The service that produces the boot script.
(service boot-service-type #t))
(define (cleanup-gexp _)
"Return as a monadic value a gexp to clean up /tmp and similar places upon
boot."
(with-monad %store-monad
(with-imported-modules '((guix build utils))
(return #~(begin
(use-modules (guix build utils))
;; Clean out /tmp and /var/run.
;;
;; XXX This needs to happen before service activations, so it
;; has to be here, but this also implicitly assumes that /tmp
;; and /var/run are on the root partition.
(letrec-syntax ((fail-safe (syntax-rules ()
((_ exp rest ...)
(begin
(catch 'system-error
(lambda () exp)
(const #f))
(fail-safe rest ...)))
((_)
#t))))
;; Ignore I/O errors so the system can boot.
(fail-safe
;; Remove stale Shadow lock files as they would lead to
;; failures of 'useradd' & co.
(delete-file "/etc/group.lock")
(delete-file "/etc/passwd.lock")
(delete-file "/etc/.pwd.lock") ;from 'lckpwdf'
(delete-file-recursively "/tmp")
(delete-file-recursively "/var/run")
(mkdir "/tmp")
(chmod "/tmp" #o1777)
(mkdir "/var/run")
(chmod "/var/run" #o755))))))))
(define cleanup-service-type
;; Service that cleans things up in /tmp and similar.
(service-type (name 'cleanup)
(extensions
(list (service-extension boot-service-type
cleanup-gexp)))))
(define* (file-union name files) ;FIXME: Factorize.
"Return a <computed-file> that builds a directory containing all of FILES.
Each item in FILES must be a list where the first element is the file name to
use in the new directory, and the second element is a gexp denoting the target
file."
(computed-file name
#~(begin
(mkdir #$output)
(chdir #$output)
#$@(map (match-lambda
((target source)
#~(begin
;; Stat the source to abort early if it
;; does not exist.
(stat #$source)
(symlink #$source #$target))))
files))))
(define (directory-union name things)
"Return a directory that is the union of THINGS."
(match things
((one)
;; Only one thing; return it.
one)
(_
(computed-file name
(with-imported-modules '((guix build union))
#~(begin
(use-modules (guix build union))
(union-build #$output '#$things)))))))
(define* (activation-service->script service)
"Return as a monadic value the activation script for SERVICE, a service of
ACTIVATION-SCRIPT-TYPE."
(activation-script (service-value service)))
(define (activation-script gexps)
"Return the system's activation script, which evaluates GEXPS."
(define (service-activations)
;; Return the activation scripts for SERVICES.
(mapm %store-monad
(cut gexp->file "activate-service" <>)
gexps))
(mlet* %store-monad ((actions (service-activations)))
(gexp->file "activate"
(with-imported-modules (source-module-closure
'((gnu build activation)
(guix build utils)))
#~(begin
(use-modules (gnu build activation)
(guix build utils))
;; Make sure the user accounting database exists. If it
;; does not exist, 'setutxent' does not create it and
;; thus there is no accounting at all.
(close-port (open-file "/var/run/utmpx" "a0"))
;; Same for 'wtmp', which is populated by mingetty et
;; al.
(mkdir-p "/var/log")
(close-port (open-file "/var/log/wtmp" "a0"))
;; Set up /run/current-system. Among other things this
;; sets up locales, which the activation snippets
;; executed below may expect.
(activate-current-system)
;; Run the services' activation snippets.
;; TODO: Use 'load-compiled'.
(for-each primitive-load '#$actions))))))
(define (gexps->activation-gexp gexps)
"Return a gexp that runs the activation script containing GEXPS."
(mlet %store-monad ((script (activation-script gexps)))
(return #~(primitive-load #$script))))
(define (second-argument a b) b)
(define activation-service-type
(service-type (name 'activate)
(extensions
(list (service-extension boot-service-type
gexps->activation-gexp)))
(compose append)
(extend second-argument)))
(define %activation-service
;; The activation service produces the activation script from the gexps it
;; receives.
(service activation-service-type #t))
(define %modprobe-wrapper
;; Wrapper for the 'modprobe' command that knows where modules live.
;;
;; This wrapper is typically invoked by the Linux kernel ('call_modprobe',
;; in kernel/kmod.c), a situation where the 'LINUX_MODULE_DIRECTORY'
;; environment variable is not set---hence the need for this wrapper.
(let ((modprobe "/run/current-system/profile/bin/modprobe"))
(program-file "modprobe"
#~(begin
(setenv "LINUX_MODULE_DIRECTORY"
"/run/booted-system/kernel/lib/modules")
(apply execl #$modprobe
(cons #$modprobe (cdr (command-line))))))))
(define %linux-kernel-activation
;; Activation of the Linux kernel running on the bare metal (as opposed to
;; running in a container.)
#~(begin
;; Tell the kernel to use our 'modprobe' command.
(activate-modprobe #$%modprobe-wrapper)
;; Let users debug their own processes!
(activate-ptrace-attach)))
(define %linux-bare-metal-service
;; The service that does things that are needed on the "bare metal", but not
;; necessary or impossible in a container.
(simple-service 'linux-bare-metal
activation-service-type
%linux-kernel-activation))
(define special-files-service-type
;; Service to install "special files" such as /bin/sh and /usr/bin/env.
(service-type
(name 'special-files)
(extensions
(list (service-extension activation-service-type
(lambda (files)
#~(activate-special-files '#$files)))))
(compose concatenate)
(extend append)))
(define (extra-special-file file target)
"Use TARGET as the \"special file\" FILE. For example, TARGET might be
(file-append coreutils \"/bin/env\")
and FILE could be \"/usr/bin/env\"."
(simple-service (string->symbol (string-append "special-file-" file))
special-files-service-type
`((,file ,target))))
(define (etc-directory service)
"Return the directory for SERVICE, a service of type ETC-SERVICE-TYPE."
(files->etc-directory (service-value service)))
(define (files->etc-directory files)
(file-union "etc" files))
(define (etc-entry files)
"Return an entry for the /etc directory consisting of FILES in the system
directory."
(with-monad %store-monad
(return `(("etc" ,(files->etc-directory files))))))
(define etc-service-type
(service-type (name 'etc)
(extensions
(list
(service-extension activation-service-type
(lambda (files)
(let ((etc
(files->etc-directory files)))
#~(activate-etc #$etc))))
(service-extension system-service-type etc-entry)))
(compose concatenate)
(extend append)))
(define (etc-service files)
"Return a new service of ETC-SERVICE-TYPE that populates /etc with FILES.
FILES must be a list of name/file-like object pairs."
(service etc-service-type files))
(define setuid-program-service-type
(service-type (name 'setuid-program)
(extensions
(list (service-extension activation-service-type
(lambda (programs)
#~(activate-setuid-programs
(list #$@programs))))))
(compose concatenate)
(extend append)))
(define (packages->profile-entry packages)
"Return a system entry for the profile containing PACKAGES."
(mlet %store-monad ((profile (profile-derivation
(packages->manifest
(delete-duplicates packages eq?)))))
(return `(("profile" ,profile)))))
(define profile-service-type
;; The service that populates the system's profile---i.e.,
;; /run/current-system/profile. It is extended by package lists.
(service-type (name 'profile)
(extensions
(list (service-extension system-service-type
packages->profile-entry)))
(compose concatenate)
(extend append)))
(define (firmware->activation-gexp firmware)
"Return a gexp to make the packages listed in FIRMWARE loadable by the
kernel."
(let ((directory (directory-union "firmware" firmware)))
;; Tell the kernel where firmware is.
#~(activate-firmware (string-append #$directory "/lib/firmware"))))
(define firmware-service-type
;; The service that collects firmware.
(service-type (name 'firmware)
(extensions
(list (service-extension activation-service-type
firmware->activation-gexp)))
(compose concatenate)
(extend append)))
(define (gc-roots->system-entry roots)
"Return an entry in the system's output containing symlinks to ROOTS."
(mlet %store-monad ((entry (gexp->derivation
"gc-roots"
#~(let ((roots '#$roots))
(mkdir #$output)
(chdir #$output)
(for-each symlink
roots
(map number->string
(iota (length roots))))))))
(return (if (null? roots)
'()
`(("gc-roots" ,entry))))))
(define gc-root-service-type
;; A service to associate extra garbage-collector roots to the system. This
;; is a simple hack that guarantees that the system retains references to
;; the given list of roots. Roots must be "lowerable" objects like
;; packages, or derivations.
(service-type (name 'gc-roots)
(extensions
(list (service-extension system-service-type
gc-roots->system-entry)))
(compose concatenate)
(extend append)))
;;;
;;; Service folding.
;;;
(define-condition-type &missing-target-service-error &service-error
missing-target-service-error?
(service missing-target-service-error-service)
(target-type missing-target-service-error-target-type))
(define-condition-type &ambiguous-target-service-error &service-error
ambiguous-target-service-error?
(service ambiguous-target-service-error-service)
(target-type ambiguous-target-service-error-target-type))
(define (service-back-edges services)
"Return a procedure that, when passed a <service>, returns the list of
<service> objects that depend on it."
(define (add-edges service edges)
(define (add-edge extension edges)
(let ((target-type (service-extension-target extension)))
(match (filter (lambda (service)
(eq? (service-kind service) target-type))
services)
((target)
(vhash-consq target service edges))
(()
(raise
(condition (&missing-target-service-error
(service service)
(target-type target-type))
(&message
(message
(format #f (G_ "no target of type '~a' for service '~a'")
(service-type-name target-type)
(service-type-name
(service-kind service))))))))
(x
(raise
(condition (&ambiguous-target-service-error
(service service)
(target-type target-type))
(&message
(message
(format #f
(G_ "more than one target service of type '~a'")
(service-type-name target-type))))))))))
(fold add-edge edges (service-type-extensions (service-kind service))))
(let ((edges (fold add-edges vlist-null services)))
(lambda (node)
(reverse (vhash-foldq* cons '() node edges)))))
(define* (fold-services services
#:key (target-type system-service-type))
"Fold SERVICES by propagating their extensions down to the root of type
TARGET-TYPE; return the root service adjusted accordingly."
(define dependents
(service-back-edges services))
(define (matching-extension target)
(let ((target (service-kind target)))
(match-lambda
(($ <service-extension> type)
(eq? type target)))))
(define (apply-extension target)
(lambda (service)
(match (find (matching-extension target)
(service-type-extensions (service-kind service)))
(($ <service-extension> _ compute)
(compute (service-value service))))))
(match (filter (lambda (service)
(eq? (service-kind service) target-type))
services)
((sink)
(let loop ((sink sink))
(let* ((dependents (map loop (dependents sink)))
(extensions (map (apply-extension sink) dependents))
(extend (service-type-extend (service-kind sink)))
(compose (service-type-compose (service-kind sink)))
(params (service-value sink)))
;; We distinguish COMPOSE and EXTEND because PARAMS typically has a
;; different type than the elements of EXTENSIONS.
(if extend
(service (service-kind sink)
(extend params (compose extensions)))
sink))))
(()
(raise
(condition (&missing-target-service-error
(service #f)
(target-type target-type))
(&message
(message (format #f (G_ "service of type '~a' not found")
(service-type-name target-type)))))))
(x
(raise
(condition (&ambiguous-target-service-error
(service #f)
(target-type target-type))
(&message
(message
(format #f
(G_ "more than one target service of type '~a'")
(service-type-name target-type)))))))))
;;; services.scm ends here.
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